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M1A2 "Abrams"

The M1A2 Abrams (Eng. Tank, Combat, Full Tracked, 120-mm Gun M1A2) is an American third—generation main battle tank. Its production began in 1992 as a more advanced modification of the M1A1 Abrams. One of the most notable features of the M1A2, which markedly distinguishes it from the previous version of the Abrams, is the IVIS information exchange system (sok. from the Inter-Vehicle Information System), which provides an automatic and continuous exchange of information between all combat units on the battlefield. In addition, during the modernization, the M1A2 received enhanced armor and a new fire control system with a panoramic commander's sight. In total, about 2,200 machines were assembled from scratch or brought to the M1A2 variant, which are still actively used in various countries, including the USA, Australia, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Morocco.

The main armament of the machine has not undergone any changes — it is a 120 mm M256 cannon from the M1A1 (an American modification of the German Rheinmetall L44 gun) with an ammunition load of 42 shells, which is an excellent weapon with excellent ballistics.

The M1A2 is an updated and fundamentally new modification of the M1 family of machines, work on which started in the early 90s. In the ten years since the introduction of the M1 Abrams, many technologies have advanced far. First of all, it concerned electronics and computer technology. The impetus for the creation of the M1A2 Abrams modification was the appearance of a new German Leopard-2 tank with an advanced fire control system (FMS). The Americans started developing a similar system for their tank. It is the new SLA that is the main difference between the M1A2 Abrams and previous models. The LMS is based on a new tire, the M1A2 Abrams LMS tank includes: a stabilized gunner's sight and a commander's thermal imaging device, a more advanced laser rangefinder, and a thermal imaging surveillance device for the driver. The developers have seriously changed the rest of the on-board equipment of the tank: the car received a new navigation system based on satellite navigation and a new generation communication system. The armor protection of the tower was also increased, the M1A2 ammunition was 42 shells. The improvements that have been made to the M1A2 have increased its effectiveness in defense by 2 times and in offensive by 1.5 times.

The first tank of the M1A2 modification appeared at the end of 1990, the US Army had serious plans for this machine. However, a year later, the USSR, the main enemy that the M1A2 was supposed to fight, sank into oblivion, so the production plans for the M1A2 Abrams were revised. Initially, it was planned to order 3,000 M1A2 modification vehicles, but soon this figure was reduced to 998 units. The M1A2 modification has gone through several modernization programs (SEP, SEP-2, SEP-3), and modern tanks are very different from the machines of the early 90s. The main changes affected the electronic filling of the combat vehicle. The M1A2 tank of the US Army was the base for the export versions of the M1A2, with the exception of a set of armor and communications equipment.

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