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JNR KiHa 40 Series / 国鉄キハ40形

The KiHa 40 Series (キハ40形) is a single car DMU type operated by JNR and subsequently by all 6 JR Group companies.


In service since 1977, the KiHa 40 series have become one of the most iconic types on Japan's rail network. The type has long been a mainstay of Japan's local lines, and it was one of the few models to be introduced throughout all regions of the country. A total of 392 cars were manufactured. JR Hokkaido inherited 150 cars upon privatisation in 1987, the vast majority being the 100 series built for the extreme cold of the island. Various modification works have been completed over the years, including updated engines and one-man operation compatibility. Since 2020, replacement by the H100 series is progressing at a rapid pace, with full withdrawal expected within the next one or two years. All currently operational cars are from the -1700 series subtype. As for JR West, 63 cars were inherited, all from the 2000 series sub-variant manufactured for warm regions. Engine replacement works were carried out from 1998 to 2009 which raised the output to 355PS. 5 Cars were modified with long seats and renumbered the 3000 series variant, these are used in the Okayama area during rush hour. A majority of JR West's KiHa 40's are still in service, and there are no immediate plans for replacement. The units inherited by JR Shikoku had not undergone significant modification except for installation of AC units, and their vehicle numbers remain the same. JR Kyushu also operates a significant fleet as of current, they have gone through a range of engine and transmission upgrades.

-This mod includes variants operated by JR Hokkaido and JR West.

Basic Information:

Max Speed: 95km/h
Acceleration: 0.36m/s/s, 0.30m/s/s (100 Series, 200 Series JR Shikoku)
Seating: semi-cross, long (3000 Series)

The following formations are included:

KiHa 40-100 Series

Engine Output: 220PS
Max Pax: 117
In Service: 1977-1995
-can be coupled up to 5 cars

KiHa 40-1700 Series (JR Hokkaido)

Engine Output: 330PS
Max Pax: 132
In Service: 2004-
-can be coupled up to 5 cars

KiHa 40-2000 Series (JR West)

Engine Output: 355PS
Max Pax: 119
In Service: 1977-
-can be coupled up to 5 cars

KiHa 40-3000 Series (JR West)

Engine Output: 355PS
Max Pax: 140
In Service: 1992-
-can be coupled up to 5 cars

KiHa 40-8000 Series (JR Kyushu)

Engine Output: 300PS
Max Pax: 111
In Service: 1999-
-can be coupled up to 5 cars

KiHa 40-2000 Series (JR Shikoku)

Engine Output: 220PS
Max Pax: 119
In Service: 1977-
-can be coupled up to 5 cars