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JR East E231 Series / JR東日本E231系

The E231 Series (E231系) is an EMU operated by JR East in the Greater Tokyo Area.

A mass production vehicle designed around the turn of the century, the E231 Series serves as a general purpose type for both commuter and suburban operations, replacing increasingly obsolete JNR-era rolling stock. A large number of variants was produced to serve on a variety of lines in the Kantō region, including the Yamanote Line, Chūō–Sōbu Line and Tōkaidō Main Line. Although E231 operations on many lines were gradually supplanted by E233 and E235 types, the series remain as one of the most frequently seen trains around Greater Tokyo. 2736 total cars were produced across all variants, a number second only to the E233 series within the JR Group. 2476 cars remain in service as of March 2024.

Due to the large number of variants the formations included are grouped into 3 separate listings:

0 Series:

Max Speed: 120km/h
Max Acceleration: 0.69m/s/s
In Service: 2000-
Max Pax: 1560 (5 Car), 2532 (8 Car), 3180 (10 Car), 4740 (10+5 Car)

500/800/3000 Series:

Max Speed: 120km/h
Max Acceleration: 0.69m/s/s (3000 series), 0.83m/s/s (500 series), 0.92m/s/s (800 series)
In Service: 2002-
Max Pax: 1236 (3000 series 4 Car), 3060 (800 series 10 Car), 3496 (500 series 11 Car)

1000 Series:

Max Speed: 120km/h
Max Acceleration: 0.64m/s/s
In Service: 2000-
Max Pax: 1458 (5 Car), 3072 (10 Car), 2536 (10 Car with Green Car), 3994 (10+5 Car with Green Car)


Maximum design speed is used, operational speeds vary by line.
Capacity is calculated using 200% crush for long seating, 175% crush for semi-cross seating, and seated only for reserved green cars.