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VYGOTSKY’S COGNITIVE
DEVELOPMENT THEORY
Social-cognitive theory, socio-cultural theory, sociohistorical theory
Differences in children’s cognitive stages
(counterexamples of Piaget’s stages)
Recognition that culture shapes cognitive development
Cultural settings & Social interactions
BASIC TENETS OF VYGOTSKY’S THEORY
2. Sign systems that individuals grow up with
1. The historical and cultural contexts children experience
Learning through social interaction
Children start learning from people around theim and their social worlds.
The setting, culture the child lives in determines the type and quality of the stimuli children receives.
Piaget’s theory: development precedes learning
Vygotsky’s theory: learning precedes development
Learning: the acquisition of signs by means of information from others and deliberate teaching.
Development: When child internalizes these signs.
First step: Learning that actions and sounds have a meaning.
Second step: Practice
Third step: the use of signs to think and solve problems without the help of others
PRIVATE SPEECH
Children incorporate the speech of others and then use that speech to help themselves solve problems.
Young children (2-7) (especially when faced with difficult tasks)
Turns silent later yet still very important