Spanish history, art and music from 1200 to 1820s

This group is created to share historic events that forged the Spanish civilization. The discovery of the New World brought to the Spanish a period of flourishing arts and literature. The Spanish kings, were great patrons of art and music. El Escorial, the great royal monastery built by King Philip II, invited the attention of some of Europe's greatest architects and painters. Diego Velázquez, regarded as one of the most influential painters of European history and a greatly respected artist in his own time, leaving us several portraits that demonstrate his style and skill. El Greco, another respected artist from the period, infused Spanish art with the styles of the Italian renaissance and helped create a uniquely Spanish style of painting.

Some of Spain's greatest music is regarded as having been written in this period. Such composers as Tomás Luis de Victoria, Cristóbal de Morales, Francisco Guerrero, Luis de Milán and Alonso Lobo helped to shape Renaissance music, and their influence lasted far into the Baroque period which resulted in a revolution of music. Spanish literature blossomed as well, famously demonstrated in the work of Miguel de Cervantes, the author of Don Quixote de la Mancha. Spain's most prolific playwright, Lope de Vega, wrote possibly as many as one thousand plays during his lifetime.


Europe:
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Kingdom of Castile [1230 - 1715] ♛
Kingdom of Aragon [1035 - 1716] ♚
Kingdom of Asturias [718 - 924]
Kingdom of Leon [910 - 1230]
Kingdom of Valencia [1238 - 1707]
Kingdom of Jaen [1246 - 1833]
Kingdom of Navarra [824 -1841]
Kingdom of Murcia [1258 - 1833]
Kingdom of Seville [1248 - 1833]
Kingdom of Mallorca [1231 - 1715]
Kingdom of Galicia [409 - 1833]
Kingdom of Cordoba [1236 1833]
Kingdom of Sevilla [1248 - 1833]
Kingdom of Naples [1504 - 1714]
Kingdom of Granada [1492 - 1833]

America:
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Kingdom of New Spain [1521 - 1821]
Kingdom of Peru [1542 - 1824]
Kingdom of Rio de la Plata [1776 - 1814]
Kingdom of New Granada [1717 - 1819]

Territories in Europe:
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Belgium, Luxembourg, Holland [1555 - 1710]
Duchy of Milan [1535 - 1706], Sicily, Sardinian, Malta, all south of Italy [1442 - 1710]
Charolles(Saône-et-Loire), Roussillon, Franche-Comté, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, now France [1678]
Portugal and its territories for 60 years [1580 - 1640]

Territories in Asia:
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Camboya, Taiwan, Philipines [1565 - 1898], Malaysia [1521 - 1898]

Territories in Africa:
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Equatorial Guinea, Morroco, parts of Algeria, Libya and Tunisia

Territories in America:
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Parts of Canada & Alaska, west coast of the US and Florida, Bahamas, Jamaica, Haiti, Aruba, Flakland Islands, Virgin Islands, Bermuda Islands

Territories in Oceania:
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Guam, Caroline, Mariana islands, Marshall islands, Micronesia & Palau islands