Details on new spaceport modules (95% accurate but subject to change as I work out the balance of stuff, so a few numbers might be off):

-Synchronized Defenses (now ‘Synchronized Weapons Systems’): Now bolsters your spaceport's weapons significantly (and is more expensive). Adds as much military power as another level of spaceport would, roughly.
-Reinforced Spaceport Defenses: Bolsters your spaceport's defences (i.e. shields, armour and hull hp). Adds as much military power as another level of spaceport would, roughly.
-Planetary Strategic Defense Network: Late-game tech that boosts your spaceport's all-round military ability, roughly doubling it.
-Advanced Orbital Energy and Farming Network: Late-game tech that basically combines the idea of orbital hydroponics and solar panels, and expands them (by that point you have much better tech and more resources, so should be able to manage better...).
-Towed Asteroid Mining: Mid-game tech - tow asteroids into orbit and mine them. Quite expensive but gives you +10 minerals.
-Orbital High-Tech Engineering: Mid/late game tech. Engineering in space (makes sense for making spaceships and stuff). +3 minerals, +3 engineering, some bonuses to ships.
-Weather Control System: Mid/late game tech. Manipulate the atmosphere to control the weather. +10% habitability, +10% food output, +3 society research, +3 unity.
-Expanded Commercial Port: Mid-game tech. Improves your spaceport's ability to facilitate galactic trade. +3 minerals, +15% planetary minerals.
-Universal Assembly Yard: Late-game tech. Allows all ships to be built faster and for cheaper (this stacks with other modules for specific ships).
-Crew Quarters: Bonus to upkeep reduction increased to -15%.
-Engineering Bay: Increases build speed by 20% and reduces spaceport module cost by 20%.
-Observatory: Now also gives +3 physics output (but is more expensive). It is also more likely to turn up now, though a bit later.