It is actually quite easy.

1. add the "Recycle" perk of the "Archery" tree to the ones you want to use.

2. go close to the corpse of the animal you shot and interact with it (either i had been unlucky with my first few shots or i had to restart the session to "activate" it)

3.1 if you are close enough you get a "pick up" option to retrieve the arrow and after that the trophy window opens as usual (sometimes you have to move around the cursor a bit)

3.2 if you are not close enough to retrieve, you can still get the option to "confirm trophy" but won't get the arrow back then

3.3 if you are so close that you kinda stand on the corpse, but still don't get "pick up" and only "confirm trophy" it is possibly that the arrow broke and you are unable to retrieve. Even with the 2nd perk point spent in "recycle" the will be a chance of that, even when it should be smaller and sadly there are no % written anyway how much it changes)

left pic: still too far away
right pic: close enough to retreive