The following was originally a spreadsheet table, which is way easier to read than this format here. I've included the text-based format for searchability, as well as a screenshot of my original that should be easier on the eyes.

The table is organised as follows:
Column A: Name of the mission.
Column B: # of enemy fighter craft
Column C: # of enemy fliers total (i.e. fighters + others, such as ballons, bombers, recon planes)
Column D: # of friendly fighter craft (usually the pilots you selected)
Column E: # of friendly fliers total (same as above)
Column F: type of non-fighter craft that is in this mission (balloons, bombers, recon planes)

So, if for example a mission pits one of your pilots against two enemy pilots plus a bomber, this is what it would look like in the table:
New Mission 2 (3) 1 Bomber
I have only counted those targets that actually contribute towards a pilot's number of "victories" when they are shot down. Tanks and Trains for example, do not.

I've also left out the final "Zeppelin" mission that takes place at the end of each offensive.

Please note that this list is in alphabetical order and is almost certainly not complete, I just collected all I could find from 2-3 playthroughs.

Also, if you happen to find a mistake, please feel free to leave a comment.

A View to the West 2 2 (4) Balloons
Ace vs Ace 1 1
Aces High 2 2
Against the Odds 2 (3) 1
Balloon Buster 2 (4) 2 Balloons
Black Boxes 2 2 (3)
Bomber Flight 3 0 (3) Bombers
Bound for Glory 2 2
Cat Herder 3 1 (4) Bombers
Clear Skies 2 2 (4)
Crowded Skies 3 0 (3) Bombers
Enemy Spotter! 2 (3) 2 Recon
Fighter Sweep 3 2
First Look 3 2 (3) Recon
Flying Circus 3 2
Forlorn Hope 3 (4) 1 Balloon
Fresh Wings 3 2
General Staff 2 2 (4) Bombers
Heavy Rain! 3 0 (3) Bomber
Home Alone 3 1 (4)
Home Guard 2 (3) 2 Bomber
Last Hope 3 1
Lonely Skies 1 0 (1) Recon
Lonesome George 3 1 (4)
Lonesome Road 2 2
Loose Lips 2 2
Photo Recon 1 0 (1) Recon
Preemptive Strike 2 2 (3) Bomber
Red Ball Express 2 2
Secret Supplies! 2 (3) 2 Recon
Sitting Ducks 2 1
Sneak Attack 3 2
Special Delivery 3 1
Stockpile 2 (3) 2
Sudden Strike 2 (3) 1 Bomber
Surprise Guest 3 1
Tanks 2 2
Toxic Cloud 3 1
Train to Nowhere 2 2
Turkey Shoot 4 2
Vital Information 1 0 (1) Recon
Vital Intelligence 3 2 (3) Recon
Wakeup Call 2 2 (3) Bomber
Wrangler 3 1 (4) Bombers

If you're going for the 50 Victories (=50 kills) achievement, you should make sure that your first pilot has the "Grease Monkey" specialty. This will allow you to repair damage to that pilot's plane every time, which means you can use that pilot every time. That way, you should be able to reach 50 victories by the 3rd or 4th offensive in most cases.
If you're going to finish the entire campaign regardless, or if you are decent at avoiding damage (especially easy at lower difficulties) you might think about starting your soon-to-be legendary pilot with a different specialty - particularly the ones that give you more firing options or damage (dead eye, hawk, .. for example).

Also note that you can "save scum" the mission selection after each completed mission, if you so choose:
- complete a mission
- save game
- check available missions
- if you intend to play one of the available missions, select it, then save the game
- you can now replay that particular mission as often as you want or need to
- if you don't like any of the available missions DONT save, but simply exit to main menu and reload
- new missions will be presented to you (does not always work, or you dont always get 3 new ones)

For getting 50 victories quickly, I recommend the missions with the most enemy targets, i.e. Baloon Buster (2 fighters 2 balloons), Turkey Shoot (4 fighters) and Forlorn Hope (3 fighters 1 balloon).

Forlorn Hope is also a mission where one can gain a lot of points, so if you are going for the points-related achievements, that one is for you. I don't have any more hints for those achievements because I found them quite easy to get. Simply adjust the skill level to as high as you can beat to get more points. If it's too tough or takes too many tries to get it right, just go one level of difficulty lower and try again.