Alive: There’s a lot of ways to live and die in this game, so I can't be comprehensive. But here are some straight-up tips for staying alive (beware, they are SERIOUS spoilers!):

• If someone hacks one of your robots, and it says “I don’t feel well” instead of “they’re telling me to explode”, run.
  
• If you start an Alaskan rebellion, don’t meet with Juliet alone.
  
• If you reach Chapter 7, agree to surgery. Computer chip has better chance than simple removal.
  
• If robots are autonomous, empathy is better than military.
  
• Robot rebellions lower your chances drastically.

Beeroseur: Go to Led Zeppelin cover with Josh when he invites you early in the game.

Bionic: Multiple routes.

• Get a bad interview with Mark, this triggers angry email from Tammy/Silas, ignore the email, when the package comes, pick it up and shake it.
  
• Don’t get a job, this then puts you at assassination spot, have robot leave your side and fail to stop the assassin, run to retrieve robot’s body, someone shoots your arm.
  
• If you have a close relationship with Eiji/Elly, when the agents come, wait for them to leave, then choose to run away with him/her. Try to run down agents, they will shoot your arm.

Blockbuster: Talked robot out of rebellion in Chapter 6D: Autonomy (required high Autonomy and Humanity). Offered to escort President, but she refuses to leave, and the White House is destroyed. (Other potential options: Assist rebellion, or talk robot out of it and then go to White House just to see it explode.)

Bodyguard: When robot rebellion starts, escape through window, go straight to White House, hack neticle, and offer to help. (May require high loyalty to U.S. or President.)

Bright: Meet with Eiji, have him come over to your place, go to neighbor for lightbulb.

Canuck: Multiple routes.

• Build robot companion, agree to get married in Canada.
  
• When agents come for Eiji/Elly, run away with him/her.
  
• For your final years, choose to live in Hope or Vancouver.

Character: Max out empathy and autonomy(?). Stay unemployed. Choose “write about robots” option.

Chatty: Teach using fast-forward videos. When robot asks if alive, offer Turing test. May have Empathy or Autonomy requirements.

Chipped: Live to Chapter 7. Choose “surgery to replace damaged brain with machine”.

Cleared: Let military recruit you at start of war. Fill out form truthfully based on what this iteration of your character knows. Knowing the truth about Mark and Eiji/Elly may cause problems.

Crimefighter: Prevent war (see "Hero" gold achievement) or choose to end war as final life project (requires 25 Grace). When you hear that Juliet is now a vigilante, choose to join her.

Elfin: Start business, work for shipping company in North Pole. Too much autonomy ruins it, more empathy makes it work.

Filial: Automatic if both you and your mom survive to Chapter 7. Maxing grace, starting your own company, and choosing medical company as client raises the chances of her survival. But I’m still not completely sure what all the factors are.

Florist: May require Eiji/Elly relationship points. When agent comes to question you, answer “no” twice, and refuse to cooperate until agent leaves. Send a cryptic message only Eiji/Elly will understand.

Gadgeteer: Choose inspector gadget arms when making robot.

Gourmand: Choose “robot companion” as your final project. At the tasting party, choose “weird foods”.

Hacker: Work for the U.S. during the war. Join the hacker group. Insist on finding a vulnerability. You can turn in your results without testing and it should work.

Heartbreaker: Similar to Rebellious (bronze). At about 19 Autonomy 20 Empathy, if you answer Glendale and agree to appear on show, the song will become “Maps”.

Kinkadian: Compete with Eiji/Elly when prompted in Grace chapter.

KITTy: High empathy and autonomy helps. Start your own business. Choose flying car business as client. Offer to make sentient car.

Knifethrower: Answer Professor with “of course I'll finish tonight” in first chapter. When Juliet is about to leave, ask to go with her.

Ludophile: In Chapter 2, teach using games. Choose “Braid”.

Nostalgic: Choose Statue of Liberty dream, and say "I've always hated you". Later, America loses against your Alaskan rebellion (see Founder achievement for tips). May also work if China wins war. When dream returns, say "I guess we're both dinosuars now."

Officiant: I think I got this by raising empathy, then staying alive to the end without getting married. It’s one possible game ending in Chapter 7.

Oracle: Answer call from Glendale, agree to come, have robot predict future.

Pardoned: First get imprisoned by texting Eiji/Elly to run, or helping the Chinese side at the assassination. If Juliet gives you an offer, accept. If Mark has high regard for you, he takes care of it for you.

Partybot: Choose “robot companion” as your final project. At the tasting party, either choose “wine and cheese”, or someone will arrive with drinks. Choose either “can get buzzed” or “can get drunk”.

Pickled: Start a relationship with Eiji when he first calls in Chapter 1 (Elly may work too). He comes over, the light is out, suggest using a pickle. Hilarity ensues.

Rebellious: Similar to Heartbreaker. At about 23 Autonomy 11 Empathy, if you answer Glendale and agree to appear on the show, the song will become “Head Like a Hole”.

Robophile: See “Spouse” achievement, robot companion option.

Rocker: I believe this is in the “Grace” chapter? (To get there, either get Hero achievement or choose “world peace” as final project.) Go out with your friend for “rockeoke”, enjoy it.

Rockin’: Two known options.

• If you let the military recruit you when the war starts, your robot may find it when Juliet takes you aside. High military or autonomy?
  
• Have high autonomy robots. When revolution starts, talk your robot out of it (if high empathy) or agree to join them. Go to the lab, have the robots look for Post-It notes, and stick around to see the results.

Scholar: Max out any one robot stat while still in school.

Shakespearean: Teach using K-12 curriculum.

Sidekick: Same as “Knifethrower”, but make sure to bring robot with you, and that they have knives too.

Somethingian: If robot starts a cult (not sure if applies if you do it yourself), in the final chapter, your mom will be a cult member. Choose “joined different religion to get the message across”, and select “type in yourself”. I entered “Somethingians”, but different words may work too.

Spacefarer: Teach using games. Choose “Civilization”. More autonomy than military?

Spook: Max out empathy and autonomy. Choose not to do a final project (companion, rebellion, end war). Talk your robot out of revolution. Go to internment camps, talk them out of it as well. You will find it there.

Transformative: Start own company, choose giant-size robots. When war starts, agree to work for military at top-secret clearance. When prompted what type of robot to make, choose "robots that can change into vehicles". Insert "more than meets the eye" reference here.

Trophy: Choose Egyptian dream. Don’t have balance (which I find easy, because I don’t know how not to). When the dream reappears, choose “I did what I thought was right”.

Warlord: Teach using games. Choose “Civilization”. More military than autonomy?

Celebratory: Live to Chapter 7. If you make your robot very autonomous and empathetic, they will build their own child. If you built a companion and got married, you can choose to have your own child together. It’s possible to have both for a double birthday.

Celebrity: Mark loves autonomy, maybe empathy, and hates military. Agree to interview, be nice to Mark.

Cultist: Unemployed, choose “cult” option. It’s good to have high Grace for this one.

Doctor: Not sure if you need to max out a stat, or have a good relationship with Professor.

Doubled: Live to Chapter 7, when the option of surgery is presented, choose “replace both body and mind”.

Escapee: Focus on Empathy and Military, teach robot to be loyal and willing to kill. Get imprisoned by helping Eiji/Elly, fleeing to Mexico, or helping Chinese side after assassination. Have poor relationship with Mark, and refuse Juliet's offer. Choose "wait for robot to save me".

Founder: Method for my first successful attempt:

• Chose tamper-proof drive to weaken Chinese forces.
  
• Worked for American military during war. Work on war robots for the front lines- this allows you to "sabotage" the [robot name] Vs with empathy, weakening American forces.
  
• For final challenge at the end of Chapter 5, choose "start Alaskan rebellion". America won the war so they are my enemy.
  
• Put all of wealth into effort.
  
• Accepted small amount of Chinese help. You need them for the final battle, but they do try to betray you.
  
• Tried islands for strategic value and failed, but won on second try. Went to capitol next for governing value. Chose console as my "throne".
  
• Assassinated Mark and Juliet, which weakens the Americans, but only had to capture Elly.
  
• At the decisive battle on the mountain, kept my original robot by my side to help with strategy.

Bam! You now have the keys to a shiny new Alaska.

Halloweener: Impress Mark with friendliness and a high autonomy (and empathy?) robot. Agree to stay over. After article is published, call to thank him and accept invitation.

Hat Trick: I have only found one route for this: build a companion robot and agree to marry in Canada. Results in Spouse, Robophile, and Canuck, and therefore Hat Trick.

Mastermind: Get Grace chapter, and at the end either give yourself a backdoor, or give a backdoor to your robot (if they have good stats, like maybe high Grace and low Autonomy). Possibly also works for robot revolution and Alaskan rebellion.

Novelist: Keep humanity up. Stay unemployed. Choose the “write about robots” option.

Numismatist: Serve the United States during the war. The president will give you the coin. You have the option to throw it in her face, which isn't necessary for this achievement, and gets you in prison, but I find it hilarious.

Patriot: Helps if you work for the army.

Philanthropist: Run successful business. When prompted to spend money, select charity, then select "give away everything".

Rebel: Two options.

• Have 20+ military. For last big project, choose Alaskan rebellion.
  
• If imprisoned, order the robots to release you. (May take certain stats, either military or autonomy.)

Resilient: Hiring Tammy/Silas will prevent a potential attack from her/him. Be careful with money- if medical company is client, agreeing to high prices helps, even if it may feel wrong. Paying high wages to workers, or going market rate and then raising it when they protest, will keep them happy, but only works if you have enough money. Have robots with an applicable skill (high military for Air Force, high grace for Medical, etc). Autonomy can be harmful. Prep yourself financially by making robots plastic, and saying "I want a flying car" in Chapter 1.

Safecracker: See Rockin’. Not sure about the military route, but the revolution route works for this.

Spouse: Several options of partners.

• If you meet 20 empathy requirement, build robot companion, be nice to robot and he/she will suggest it. Say yes. Move to Canada to do so, or wait and when you visit Mom, select “been married”.
  
• Foster a relationship with certain characters. Eiji confirmed, likely candidates are Elly, Josh, Mark, and Tammy/Silas. Also avoid their death or imprisonment in the process (for Eiji, Elly, and Mark at least).

Terrible: Got spoiled, so I don't get credit for finding this. Keep Military (and Empathy?) low. Don't interview with Mark. When Tammy/Silas email you, attempt to assassinate her/him. Dark hilarity ensues.

Trio: Have a relationship with one of the human characters (Eiji tested). Build a companion robot. For the stargazing part, invite both. Proceed to either high five yo bad self while giggling like an idiot, or cleanse your computer's hard drive with holy water, depending on your personal tastes.

There is only one achievement of this type I have found so far.

Hero: Max out grace. Stay unemployed. At assassination spot, have robot stand near Prime Minister. Either robot jumps to take bullet automatically, or you have the option to tell it to.

Warnings: You also need something else besides Grace, probably Empathy, or the Prime Minister mistakes your robot's intentions as hostile. Similarly, shooting the assassin does not prevent the war, because the gunshot causes a panic.

There are still some achievements I haven't finished. A few have been stubbornly hard to get (Lunatic, First Mate), but for most I have theories I'm fairly confident about (Escapee, Kingmaker).

Like I said in the intro, please don't give the answers away! I enjoy the challenge.

First Mate: Good relationship with President? A high donation when prompted doesn't seem to help. Maybe the Bodyguard achievement helps?

Holiday: Conquer Alaska?

Honored: Work for U.S.? Bodyguard achievement?

Kingmaker: Robot rebellion. Succeed at lab. High autonomy, some grace?

Lunatic: Really high autonomy?

Neurosurgeon: High grace? Hidden option in Chapter 7 surgery?

Singular: Support Grace ending?

Tragic Hero: Low humanity? Cruddy robot? Love interest dies? Surrender after Alaska takeover?