Attacker’s combat value = Active steps × Attack + Attack value provided by specialist steps

Defender’s combat value = Active steps × Defense + Defense value provided by specialist steps

Combat ratio = Attacker’s combat value / (Defender’s combat value + 1)

The defender’s combat value is increased by 1 to prevent division by zero when the defender’s value is zero.

Raw odds = 3 × log₃ (Combat ratio)














Full odds = Raw odds + Positive shifts + Negative shifts

Final odds number = Rounded value of the full odds

The big number in the center is used to predict combat results by looking at Combat Results Tables.
Note that the odds number is randomized when combat actually happens (as opposed to when predicting combat results), to simulate the inherent uncertainty of real-life operations.

“Randomized” describes taking a random value generated from a normal (Gaussian) distribution centered at the odds number, with a standard deviation (sigma) of 1, and then rounding it.

Use the final odds number to look up attacker losses, defender losses, and defender suppression in the Combat Results Tables, based on the game difficulty.

• Note 1: Defender losses and suppression are not affected by game difficulty.

• Note 2: If the combat sheet displays ATT loss shift, add this value to the final odds number only when determining attacker losses. Defender losses and suppression are still calculated using the original final odds number.

• Note 3: If the attacker suffers no losses, apply suppression to attacker steps as follows:
  
  • Overrun triggered: 66% chance to suppress 1 step, 33% chance to suppress 2 steps
  • No overrun: 66% chance to suppress 1 step, 33% chance to suppress 0 steps