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ㅤThe Big Bang Theory posits that the universe originated from an immensely hot and dense singularity approximately 13.8 billion years ago, which then expanded and continues to expand. This theory provides the foundational understanding of the universe's beginnings and its subsequent evolution. Albert Einstein's theory of relativity, comprising both the Special and General theories, revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and gravity. Special relativity introduced the concept that space and time are interwoven into a single continuum known as spacetime, while general relativity explained gravity as the warping of spacetime by mass and energy.

ㅤThese theories are interconnected in that the Big Bang Theory relies on general relativity to describe the dynamics of the early universe. The expansion of the universe, the formation of galaxies, and the cosmic microwave background radiation, remnants from the early universe, all fall within the explanatory power of these combined theories. Within our own galaxy, the Milky Way, the principles of relativity help explain the motion of stars and the behavior of the supermassive black hole at its center. Thus, from the birth of the cosmos to the structure and dynamics of galaxies like the Milky Way, the Big Bang Theory and Einstein’s theory of relativity form a cohesive framework that enhances our understanding of the universe.




☀️ The solar system has one star, eight planets, five dwarf planets, at least 290 planetary moons, about 1.4 million asteroids, and about 4,000 comets (including fragments). Our solar system is located in the Milky Way, a barred spiral galaxy with two major arms, and two minor arms.

Age: 4,571E9 years old

🟡 The Sun, the center of our Solar System, generates energy through nuclear fusion, has a surface temperature of about 5,500 degrees Celsius, and influences space weather with its 11-year solar cycle.

Surface Temperature: 5,772 K
Mass: 1.989E30 kg
Density: 1.41 g/cm³
Age: 4.603E9 years
Radius: 696,340 km
Distance from Earth: 149,600,000 km


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⚪ Mercury's surface experiences the greatest temperature variation of all the planets, ranging from −173 °C at night to 427 °C during the day.

Distance from the Sun: 58,000,000 km
Mass: 3.285E23 kg (0.055 M⊕)
Surface Area: 74,800,000 km²
Day Duration: 58 d 15.5 h 0 min
Radius: 2,439.7 km
Density: 5.43 g/cm³
Orbital Period: 88 days

🟠 Venus has the densest atmosphere of the four terrestrial planets, consisting of more than 96% carbon dioxide.

Surface Area: 460,200,000 km²
Radius: 6,051.8 km
Distance from the Sun: 108,200,000 km
Day Duration: 243 d 0 h 26 min
Mass: 4.867E24 kg (0.815 M⊕)
Orbital Period: 225 days

🌎 Earth, our fragile home, formed approximately 4.54 billion years ago and life appeared on its surface within its first billion years.

Radius: 6,371 km
Distance from the Sun: 149,600,000 km
Surface Area: 510,100,000 km²
Day Duration: 0 d 23 h 56 min
Land Surface Area: 148,900,000 km²
Mass: 5.972E24 kg
Age: 4.543E9 years

🔴 Mars is often described as the "Red Planet" because the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance.

Surface Area: 144,400,000 km²
Day Duration: 1 d 0 h 36 min
Gravity: 3.71 m/s²
Distance from the Sun: 227,900,000 km
Mass: 6.39E23 kg (0.107 M⊕)
Radius: 3,389.5 km

🟤 Jupiter has two and a half times the mass of all the other planets in our Solar System combined.

Mass: 1.898E27 kg (317.8 M⊕)
Surface Area: 6.142E10 km²
Distance from the Sun: 778,500,000 km
Radius: 69,911 km
Day Duration: 0 d 9 h 55 min
Density: 1.33 g/cm³

🪐 Saturn has a prominent ring system composed mostly of ice particles and a smaller amount of rocky debris and dust.

Surface Area: 4.27E10 km²
Mass: 5.683E26 kg (95.16 M⊕)
Distance from the Sun: 1.434E9 km
Day Duration: 0 d 10 h 40 min
Radius: 58,232 km

🟢 Uranus has a unique configuration among the planets because its axis of rotation is tilted sideways.

Mass: 8.681E25 kg (14.54 M⊕)
Distance from the Sun: 2.871E9 km
Surface Area: 8.083E9 km²
Day Duration: 0 d 17 h 14 min
Radius: 25,362 km

🔵 Neptune was the first planet found by mathematical prediction rather than by empirical observation.

Mass: 1.024E26 kg (17.15 M⊕)
Distance from the Sun: 4.495E9 km
Surface Area: 7.618E9 km²
Radius: 24,622 km
Day Duration: 0 d 16 h 0 min

Originally posted by author:

Jurasim

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