A black screen appears due to install error in steam installscript.vdf located in the game folder.
Instead of the new vcredist.exe from the STEAM folder, the old one from the game folder is installed.

To solve this error, you need to open the folder:

C:\Program Files (x86)\Steam\steamapps\common\Steamworks Shared\_CommonRedist\vcredist

and install all the contents of the folders - 2005 and 2010.

Run the unregister.exe file from game folder:

C:\Program Files (x86)\Steam\SteamApps\common\Ship Simulator Extremes

Also verify local content in Steam:

You have to right click on the words Ship Simulator in your list of games, select 'properties', then select the 'local files' tab and then hit "Verify integrity of game cache".

It should run OK now, but you'll have to re-enter your CD keys.

To resolve the communications error between Ship Simulator Extremes and new hosting provider it is required to update a file from the Ship Simulator Extremes game. And the ability to download about 200 additional missions through the game interface does not work.
Details of the solution are here:

http://forum.shipsim.com/index.php?topic=31315.msg404525#msg404525