Key: H = Health, E = Energy. A - indicates negative health or energy points

Milk $3.50 25h 10e
Tuna $7.50 25h 25e
Beef Jerky $8.50 25h 25e (Don't buy, get tuna instead)

Vitamins $5 25h -2e (Better to buy bandages)
Badages $5 50h -5e

(Both Salisbury Steak and Chicken Strips provide the same health and energy)
Cold Microwave Dinner $3 5h 25e
Hot Microwave Dinner $3 25h 50e

Explanation
The dinners have a very interesting game mechanic from what I've observed. Both dinners provide the same health and energy values. HOWEVER, the difference is the food's temperature. If the food is hot (shown by steam coming out of it) it will provide 25 health and 50 energy. If a certain amount of time passes without being eaten, it will become cold. Putting these into your inventory will make them become cold.

Pirate Punch $3 10h 25e
Pizza $7 25h 50e

Elephant Ear $4.50 5h 50e (Slightly better deal than lemonade)
Lemonade $4.50 50e

(All candies are the same)
Jelly Bits $1 10e
Jaw Breakers $1 10e
Gooey Bears $1 10e
Sour Treats $1 10e
Wacky Wafers $1 10e

Jolted $1.50 -2h 50e (Drops empty can, can be sold for $0.50)
Devotid Dew $1.50 5h 25e (Drops empty can, can be sold for $0.50)
Cheesy Poofs $1.50 5h 25e

My personal best foods I use are milk, tuna, Jolted, and bandages.

I recommend keeping food in your inventory at all times, but in most cases it is not necessary. I also recommend drinking Jolted after you wake up so you can have nearly full on both meters.

Please let me know if any of the information here is incorrect or if I missed any foods. Hope this helps you while playing survival. :)