This is probably very controversial, but chances are if you're new to Sniper (aka not good at Sniper) you can't hit headshots. That's totally fine. Everyone on the enemy team is moving around a lot anyway. I don't blame you. So then we turn to the next reliable source of damage: fully charged bodyshots. The Machina and the Sydney Sleeper work great for this. The Machina has a 15% damage bonus when fully charged, meaning a 173 damage bodyshot instead of a 150 damage bodyshot. The Sydney Sleeper has a faster charge rate, meaning bodyshots are more consistent when using the weapon, and also your only source of damage, since the weapon does mini crits on headshot instead of full on crits. Stock also works, though, but those are my personal recommendations.

Scouts will be anywhere on the battlefield, moving around at a fast pace. For this reason, they are one of the harder targets to kill, unless you predict their movement and headshot them at just the right time. But you're bad at Sniper! You can't do that! Actually, most decent snipers can't do that since scouts have that +33% movement speed, so it's nothing to be ashamed of. The best method to kill them is just a fully charged bodyshot. Of course, if they're all up in your face with their Scattergun, you're probably dead.

Soldiers have 200 health. It's a nice round number that will help you in fighting them. You can simply fully charged bodyshot them, in which case they probably will run away very fast, get chewed to bits by your teammates, or you can go for a regular 50 damage bodyshot to finish them off. If they have the Battalion's Backup, you either have to charge the second bodyshot a little bit before you shoot it, or watch sadly as your teammates get destroyed by him, because the Backup's effect gives full crit resistance. That includes fully charged bodyshots. Sorry.

either fully charged bodyshot them, in which case they will die to your teammates because they have 25 health, or bodyshot them again after the first bodyshot. That was short, I know. Let's move on.

Same as Pyro: go for a fully charged bodyshot on them first. You usually don't have to go for another bodyshot, as Demomen are very prone to blowing themselves up, intentionally or accidentally, which means after the first bodyshot, he will probably die because he was on 150 hp or lower, or just blow himself up. Yeah.

Fully charged headshot.

"But, but, didn't you tell us to go for fully charged bodyshots because this guide is for people who are bad at sniper and can't hit headshots?"

Yes, I know, but Heavy is the exception. This is because of one thing: the rev. All of Heavy's miniguns have a rev time, which makes the Heavy significantly slower while shooting it. This makes it very, very, very, VERY easy to get a headshot. Just charge up your sniper rifle and click on the head while he is revved and shooting at your teammates. It one shots even fully overhealed heavies.

It is kind of rare to see an Engineer that isn't turtling behind his Level 3 Sentry Gun and his dispenser, unless they're running the Gunslinger, in which case, fully charged bodyshot, and then take out his Mini Sentry with a fully charged shot. But if there is an Engineer not running the Gunslinger, go for a fully charged bodyshot or a headshot, if you can. Also, you might run into an Engineer nest every once in a while. An Engineer nest contains two or three of the following buildings:

-a dispenser
-a teleporter
-a sentry/mini sentry

If you encounter one of these, take out the Engineer first before shooting his stuff. An Engineer will very commonly be standing still whacking his buildings with his wrench, so you can go ahead and headshot him before taking out his buildings with some well-placed fully charged shots.

This is one of your primary targets as a Sniper. The Medic will commonly be somewhere behind the front lines, strafing and dodging around or standing still. Go for a fully charged bodyshot or a headshot if he's standing still.

There is always a chance that there will be a Sniper on the enemy team, and also a chance that they will be better than you. There are two methods to win these "Sniper Duels" when they happen. One is again, the fully charged bodyshot. This is a bit riskier than bodyshotting other classes since you're staying scoped for longer than the other sniper, which gives him a chance to headshot you since you're standing still. I recommend ducking, since it will make the other Sniper miss the headshot and allow you to get him instead. The other method is second-scoping. This is basically you juking the other sniper into missing his shot and then taking your shot on his motionless body. This works because there is a split-second reload animation after you fire any sniper rifle, which creates a pause where the sniper just stands there, waiting for his gun to reload, because he can't shoot it until after the reload animation is finished. If you are confident in both your juking and accuracy, this is a good method for you.

The spy is one of the more uncommon enemies you will see on the battlefield. Just bodyshot them, as the head hitbox of their disguise kit will not correspond to their actual head hitbox. If he is commonly sneaking up behind you and stabbing you, that is a different story. You can either equip the Razorback or spycheck your teammates by using the Jarate. If a teammate appears to be wet after you Jarate them, that's a spy. Use your Bushwacka to one shot him. Do not get lured around corners or up stairs by the Jarated spy, as they can trickstab you there.

There are some cases when enemies will be using taunts on the battlefield, where you can easily headshot them. For example: the Medic with the Amputator. You can headshot him while he taunts. Always make sure the taunting player is not a friendly before you headshot them, otherwise the server will hate you.

And that's it! Thanks for reading my guide. I hope it helped you a little in how to be decent at sniper.