INFORMATION

The board of directors, president, vice-president, and CEO are all examples of top-level managers.

These managers are responsible for controlling and overseeing the entire organization. They develop goals, strategic plans, company policies, and make decisions on the direction of the business.

In addition, top-level managers play a significant role in the mobilization of outside resources.

Top-level managers are accountable to the shareholders and general public.


The CBDO (Chief Business Development Officer)

CFO (Chief Financial Officer)

COO (Chief Operating Officer)

CMO (Chief Marketing Officer)

CIO (Chief Information Officer)

CCO (Chief Communications Officer)

CLO (Chief Legal Officer)

CTO (Chief Technology Officer)

CRO (Chief Risk Officer)

CCO (Chief Creative Officer)

CCO (Chief Compliance Officer)

CAE (Chief Audit Executive)

CDO (Chief Diversity Officer)

CHRO (Chief Human Resources Officer)


General managers, branch managers, and department managers are all examples of middle-level managers. They are accountable to the top management for their department’s function.

Middle-level managers devote more time to organizational and directional functions than top-level managers. Their roles can be emphasized as:

Executing organizational plans in conformance with the company’s policies and the objectives of the top management;
Defining and discussing information and policies from top management to lower management; and most importantly
Inspiring and providing guidance to low-level managers towards better performance.
Some of their functions are as follows:

Designing and implementing effective group and intergroup work and information systems;
Defining and monitoring group-level performance indicators;
Diagnosing and resolving problems within and among work groups;
Designing and implementing reward systems supporting cooperative behavior.