Homat el Diyar - Guardians of the Land

Syria (/ˈsɪriə/ ( listen) SI-ree-ə; Arabic: سورية‎ sūriyya or سوريا sūryā; Syriac: ܣܘܪܝܐ; Kurdish: Sûrî), officially the Syrian Arab Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية العربية السورية‎), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.

The name Syria formerly comprised the entire region of the Levant, while the modern state encompasses the site of several ancient kingdoms and empires, including the Eblan civilization of the third millennium BC. In the Islamic era, its capital city, Damascus, was the seat of the Umayyad Empire and a provincial capital of the Mamluk Empire. Damascus is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.[5] The population is 74% Sunni Muslim, with a 13% Shia and Alawite population, 10% non-Muslim Christian and 3% Druze minorities. Since the 1960s, Alawite military officers have tended to dominate the country's politics. Some 90% of the population is Muslim, which includes Arabs, Kurds, Circassians, and others, while some 10% are Christians, which includes Arabs, Assyrians/Syriacs, and Armenians. Ethnic minorities include Kurdish, Assyrians/Syriacs, Armenian, Turkmen, and Circassians people.[6]

Modern Syria was created as a French mandate and attained independence in April 1946, as a parliamentary republic. The post-independence period was rocky, and a large number of military coups and coup attempts shook the country in the period 1949-1970. Syria has been under Emergency Law from 1962-2011, effectively suspending most constitutional protections for citizens, and its system of government is considered non-democratic.[7] Since 1971 the power has been concentrated first to Hafez al-Assad and then to his son Bashar al-Assad.[8]

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Government:
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President: Hafez-al-Assad
Vice-President:
Minister of the Interior:
Secretary-General of the Ba'ath Party:
Minister of Internal Affairs:
Minister of Foreign Affairs:
Minister of Defence:
Minister of the Army:
Minister of War:
Minister of the Navy:
Minister of the Air Force:
Minister of Health:
Minister of Justice:
Minister of Social Welfare:
Minister of Industry:
Minister of Schools and Education:
Minister of Finance:
Minister of Propaganda:
Minister of Censorship and Media:
Minister of Religion and Culture:

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Governors:
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Governor of Damascus:
Governor of Saraa:
Governor of Homs:
Governor of Aleppo:
Governor of Beirut:
Governor of Latakia:

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Armed Forces:
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Field Marshal:
General:
General:
General:
Geeral:
General:
Geneeral:
Admiral:
Admiral:
Admiral:
Admiral:
Admiral:
Admiral: